Parapharyngeal space carcinoma disguised as temporomandibular joint disorder: A clinical report.

Parapharyngeal space neoplasms tend to have a considerable volume by the time of diagnosis because of their deep location in the neck and may have a relatively long progression before becoming symptomatic. Common presenting signs and symptoms of parapharyngeal space neoplasms include swelling in the neck, intraoral mass, dysphagia, dysphonia, heaviness in the ear, otalgia, and rarely, trismus. Some of these signs and symptoms could be mistaken for signs of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). This clinical report presents the incidental discovery of parapharyngeal space carcinoma initially presenting as TMD. A thorough clinical examination of the temporomandibular joints, supported by their magnetic resonance imaging, led to early detection of the neoplasm, thereby improving the patient's post-treatment survival probability.

Primary Central Nervous System Burkitt Lymphoma in HIV Positive Pediatric Patient: A Rare Case Report.

Burkitt lymphoma is a high-grade B-cell lymphoma with aggressive course of disease and primarily systemic nodal involvement. Primary Burkitt lymphoma with isolated central nervous system (CNS) involvement and that too in pediatric population has been rarely reported. Here, we present a case of a primary Burkitt lymphoma involving brain in an human immunodeficiency virus-positive pediatric patient who was on antiretroviral therapy. Currently, there are no established protocols or guidelines for management of primary CNS Burkitt lymphoma thus posing challenges in the management of such cases. Our patient was successfully treated by surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Fabrication of custom overdenture attachments using indigenously made parallelometer: A technique.

Various types of attachments have been used during overdenture fabrication; however, no single attachment is perfect for every case. Irrespective of the attachment used, it is important to maintain parallelism between the attachments for ease of insertion and removal, functional efficiency, and durability of the prosthesis. It is challenging to obtain parallelism between attachments when the abutments are divergent, or multiple abutments are engaged. A simplified technique to fabricate cast overdenture attachments using indigenously made parallelometer has been described. This technique eliminates the need of making full-arch impressions and models and surveying the attachments before casting. With this technique, there is a reduction in the duration and cost of treatment, without any compromise in quality of the prosthesis.

A modified technique for single-step border molding.

The sectional and the single-step are techniques for border molding. Even though the sectional technique is routinely taught in dental schools in the United States, and is followed by a large number of general dental practitioners, it is not without disadvantages. Common problems associated with the sectional technique include its time-consuming nature and the difficulty in mastering it because of the short manipulation time of the impression compound modeling plastic. Single-step border molding, however, presents advantages; for example, fewer insertions of the tray for border molding are necessary, and development of all borders simultaneously avoids the propagation of error. This article presents a simplified technique for performing single-step border molding using visible light-polymerizing tray material.

Aesthetically Characterized Ocular Prosthesis.

Loss of eye has immense intimidating impact on social life of a patient. Ocular prosthesis can be stock prosthesis, or it can be customized according to the patient's socket tissue bed and his/her individualized aesthetic requirements. There are many methods of improving aesthetics of the ocular prosthesis, from painting the sclera and iris, use of transparent grids for proper orientation up to the use of digital photographic image of contra-lateral normal eye. Present case report demonstrates a new method of enhancing the aesthetics of an eye prosthesis using silk fibers which are easily available.

Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Partially Edentulous Patient with Maxillary Acquired Defect by a Two-Piece Hollow Bulb Obturator (Using a Dentogenic Concept).

Patients may face functional, aesthetic, and social distress because of the palatal defects. Prosthetic rehabilitation of maxillectomy or developmental defect can be challenging for prosthodontists. Prognosis of the prosthetic appliances can be affected not only by patients' own ability to adapt to the prosthesis but also by the factors like the remaining teeth, bony structure, and existing mucosa. Maxillary defects are usually developed by surgical intercession of the benign or malignant conditions and trauma cases. Speech, mastication and aesthetics can be hampered by any extent of palatal defect. During obturation of palatal/maxillectomy defects, the primary intent of the prosthodontist should be the shutting of the maxillectomy defect and parting of the oral cavity from the sinonasal openings by use of different bulb designs. In the present case, dentogenic concept has been applied while fabricating the two-piece hollow bulb obturator for restoration of the defect. Well known fact about the gravitational force is that it acts on maxillary obturator and reduces its retentive qualities, this can be counteracted to some extent by making the obturator hollow. Dentogenic concept is the skill, training, and procedure of generating the chimera of natural teeth in artificial teeth during prosthodontic restorations.

A Comparative Evaluation of Accuracy of the Dies Affected by Tray Type, Material Viscosity, and Pouring Sequence of Dual and Single Arch Impressions- An In vitro Study.

INTRODUCTION: The clinician's skill, impression techniques, and materials play a very important role in recording fine details in an impression for accuracy of fixed partial denture prosthesis. Impression of prepared teeth and of the opposing arch can be recorded simultaneously by dual-arch trays, while the full arch metal trays are used for impressions of prepared teeth in one arch. AIM: To measure and compare the accuracy of working dies made from impressions with metal and plastic dual arch trays and metal full arch trays, for two viscosities of impression material and by changing the sequence of pour of working and non-working sides. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A balanced design with independent samples was used to study the three variables (tray type, impression material viscosity, and pouring sequence). An impression made by dual arch trays and single arch trays were divided in to three groups (Group A-plastic dual arch tray, Group B-metal dual arch tray, Group C-full arch metal stock tray). Out of these three groups, two groups (Group A and B) were subdivided in to four subgroups each and one group (Group C) was subdivided in to two subgroups. A sample size of 30 was used in each subgroup yielding a total 300 impressions in three groups or ten subgroups. Impressions were made of a machined circular stainless steel die. All three dimensions (Occlusogingival, Mesiodistal, and Buccolingual) of the working dies as well as stainless steel standard die were measured three times, and the mean was used for the three standard sample values to which all working dies means were compared. Statistical analysis used for this study was a 3-factor analysis of variance with hypothesis testing at α =0.05. RESULTS: With respect to the selection of impression material viscosity statistically significant differences were found in the dies for the buccolingual and mesiodistal dimensions. Metal dual arch trays were slightly more accurate in the mesiodistal dimension in comparison to the plastic trays in reference of tray selection and in view of pouring sequence no differences were observed in occlusogingival dimension but in buccolingual and mesiodistal dimensions nonworking side was more accurate. CONCLUSION: The gypsum dies produced from the dual arch impressions were generally smaller in all three dimensions than the stainless steel standard die. Plastic dual-arch trays were more accurate with rigid impression material and there was not statistically significant difference for sequence of pouring. Metal dual-arch trays were more accurate with monophase impression material and working side was more accurate. Stock metal full arch trays were more accurate for monophase impression material.

Solitary Plasmacytoma of Bone Involving Spine in a 12-year-old Boy: Report of a Rare Case and Review of Literature.

Solitary plasmacytoma of the bone (SPB) is a rare plasma cell neoplasm representing only about 5% of plasma cell neoplasia. It usually presents as a lytic lesion mainly localized within the axial skeleton. SPB is exceedingly rare in young individuals, and only few cases have been reported so far in patients younger than 20 years of age. In view of rarity of disease, definitive treatment guidelines have not been established. We hereby report a case of SPB involving of lumbar vertebra (L5) in a 12-year-old boy. He was initially treated with antilymphoma therapy and curative radiotherapy considering as primary bone lymphoma. However, he had local recurrence with paraparesis after 9 months which was diagnosed as solitary bone plasmacytoma for which he was treated with decompressive laminectomy and chemotherapy (bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone). The purpose of this article is to report a rare case of SPB in a pediatric patient and to review the available literature and treatment options. SPB should be considered in the differential diagnosis of osteolytic bone lesions even in young patients.

Fabrication of complete dentures in three visits using existing prosthesis-a simplified technique for geriatric patients.

Complete edentulism often limits patients' ability to masticate and perform other oral functions, resulting in a reduction of oral-health-related quality of life. Although the two-implant mandibular overdenture may be considered as a minimum standard of treatment of complete edentulism, patients often prefer conventional complete dentures due to cost and surgical procedures related to implant supported dentures. Many complete denture patients may have limited access to dental care due to socioeconomic or health issues, hence there is a need in simplification of complete denture fabrication. Researchers have proposed "simplified" techniques to fabricate complete dentures by eliminating two stage impression procedures facebow transfer, and articulator programming, with impressive initial results. However, long-term clinical data of these techniques is unavailable. A novel technique for fabricating simplified complete dentures in three visits, using patient's existing dentures is presented here. Unlike previously described techniques on "simplified" dentures, this technique does not eliminate vital steps such as border-molded impressions, facebow transfer, verification of centric relations during try-in, programming of the articulator, and balancing procedures.

Interdisciplinary approach to complete-mouth rehabilitation: a clinical report.

Dental fluorosis results from excess fluoride ingestion during tooth formation and is commonly seen in certain endemic areas. Its clinical manifestations may range from white opaque patches of enamel in mild cases to pitting and loss of enamel in severe cases. The treatment of fluorosis is important not only because of esthetic and functional concerns but also to help improve a patient's self-esteem; therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is often necessary. This article describes a multidisciplinary approach to complete-mouth rehabilitation of a patient affected with fluorosis. A confluence of the endodontic, periodontal, orthodontic, and prosthodontic disciplines resulted in improved esthetics and enhanced masticatory efficiency.

Un caso de nódulos cutáneos múltiples: linfoma cutáneo de células T / A case of multiple skin nodules: cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

La micosis fungoide es la variante más común de linfoma cutáneo de células T y se caracteriza por un curso asintomático con evolución posterior de placas y tumores. A medida que la enfermedad progresa se observa mayor compromiso cutáneo y diseminación a ganglios linfáticos, bazo, pulmones e hígado...